California’s SB 53 requires large AI developers (≥$500M revenue) to publicly disclose safety frameworks, report critical risks, and protect whistleblowers. The law establishes a reporting system for safety incidents, penalties up to $1 million, and a government consortium to study ethical AI. Aimed at building trust, accountability, and transparency, it reflects California’s role as a tech policy leader. Supporters see it as a blueprint for U.S. AI safety regulation, while some industry groups warn it may constrain innovation.

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